Manager in Today Business World
Management is a creative process that integrates and uses various available resources effectively to accomplish certain goals. For this, an individual is responsible to develop ideas and get things done through others. The concerned individual is designated as the manager. any person who performs the functions of planning, organization, staffing, directing, and controlling for the accomplishment of pre-determined organizational goals is called a manager.
Managers do not do the work but guide others to do things correctly. In other words, the manager has not built factory uses or installed machines and operated them or sold goods in the market.
A growing tendency in business requires professionally qualified persons. The reason is that managers should direct the efforts of others at lower levels of an organization. The primary job of a manager is the management of people.
According to Peter F. Drucker
“Every job should be designed as an integrated set of operations which are varied enough to reduce boredom. The workers should be given a sufficient measure of freedom to organize and control their work environment. Every manager must educate, train, and develop people below him so that they may use their potential and abilities to perform the work allotted to them. He has also helped them in satisfying their needs and aspirations through incentives and other things. To get the best contribution from the people working under him, he must provide them with a proper environment. A manager must create a climate which brings in and maintains satisfaction and discipline among the people.”
Hence, the job of a manager is a very difficult one and requires some significant qualities to get the possible results. The manager should have the capacity and capabilities to meet the challenges of his job.
FUNCTIONS OF A MANAGER
The smooth functioning of a business unit depends on the performance of the manager, If a manager has adequate skills, he can discharge his duties effectively. Generally, the following functions are performed by a manager:
- Planning the work: Planning involves deciding the course of action well in advance. The manager can decide the procedure to be followed to achieve the objectives of an organization. Planning the work is a rational activity.
- Taking decisions: The manager has to make a lot of decisions about the assignment of work to every worker and the delegation of authority to do a job. A wise decision can be taken by an efficient manager. The quality of decisions is based on the intelligence of the manager.
- Delegating authority: The manager should delegate authority whenever a project or work is assigned to others. Nobody can do anything without authority. So, the manager has to delegate authority on a need basis.
- Solving the problems: Subordinates bring problems before the manager. The manager has to solve the problems instead of solving the problems quickly. Finding a solution to a problem will prevent such problems in the future.
- Coordination: The tasks or activities of the sub-ordinates are coordinated for quick execution of a work. Increased productivity is to be achieved through effective co-ordination. Overall organizational objectives could be achieved only by the process of coordination of various individual efforts.
- Stimulating workers: The workers have to be motivated to do their work. Workers will be idle in the absence of motivation. Motivation could be done by money or kind. The Manager has to choose between the two depending on the situation.
- Setting target: The Target is to be fixed by the manager section-wise. Setting of target indicates the workers the extent of the contribution made by them in the overall performance. Target is fixed based on the main objectives of an organization.
- Guiding sub-ordinates: Even though the manager is a boss to his subordinates, he can guide the subordinates in the performance of their work. The Manager is acting as a friend at this stage. The guidance of the manager is indispensable a tonic to sub-ordinates.
- Arranging the facilities: Availing the facilities in the workplace is imperative for the effective performance of any work. So, the manager has to arrange the required facilities, Besides, the manager has to watch over the utilization of the facilities,
- Control the deviations: The Manager has to control the workers if there is any difference between standards of performance and actual performance. The control ensures the right performance. The exercise of control is in the hands of the manager.
ROLE OF A MANAGER
The manager is responsible for integrating all the activities that are performed in an organization. In other words, he has coordinated the talents of people working under him to achieve the organizational goals. The role of a manager gets much more importance than other executives in an organization. Hence, a manager’s job is very complex and requires some special qualities to be ahead.
- Director: The manager gives direction to people working under him. Direction includes instructions. The manager has directed the executives toward achieving organizational goals.
- Motivator: The manager understands the likes and dislikes of executives and motivates them accordingly. Motivation stimulates the performance of the job. Here, the manager stimulates the executives through motivation.
- Human being: The manager treats all the people working under him equally and has no personal bias. He has to mingle with others and understand the feelings of other executives.
- Guide: The Manager should be well aware of using the equipment, techniques, and procedures involved in performing specific tasks. If so, he can guide others whenever a need arises.
- Friend: Unnecessary misunderstanding may be raised among the executives. Now, the manager should come forward voluntarily and eliminate the misunderstanding as soon as possible. Here, the manager is acting as a friend.
- Planner: The day-to-day requirements of the organization have to be identified and arranged by the manager. He has to plan the work and assign the same to the executives according to their positions.
- Supervisor: The manager has to supervise and control, executives’ performance and maintain personal contact with them. He has to perform this work along/it the work to be performed by him.
- Reporter: The feedback information is provided by the manager to the top management people. Sometimes, workers’ problems have not been solved by the manager. If so, the same should be communicated to the top authorities.
RESPONSIBILITIES OF A PROFESSIONAL MANAGER
The manager is getting things done through others. He prepares plans, builds an organization, and helps and motivates the employees according to plans to achieve organizational goals. Even though, the manager is responsible for the non-performance of any work. He is answerable to everybody.
- Planning of work: The manager has to identify the work which is necessary to achieve the objectives. Every work should lead to the achievement of objectives. The manager is responsible for planning of work. The reason is that other than the manager has no idea and nobody approaches and enquires other than the manager to know the work.
- Proper and Effective Communication: There must be a free flow of communication within the organization. If there is any hurdle, the hurdle can be found out and removed only by the manager. Communication gaps and misunderstandings are also traced out and ensure proper and effective communication.
- Coordination of Efforts: The efforts of employees have more value than the finance. The finance can be earned through hard work. But, if efforts are not properly coordinated, all the efforts are in vain. Once again, the efforts cannot be generated and used. Therefore, the manager should prepare the system for proper channelization of efforts.
- Getting the cooperation of Employees: Different natures of employees are working in an organization. The absence of cooperation among employees leads to poor performance and non-achievement of objectives in time, Hence, the manager is responsible for getting cooperation from employees working under him.
- Encourages a team spirit: The manager is not only guiding the employees but also encouraging a team spirit among them. Team spirit is created with the help of using polite words. The manager should know which type of approach creates a team spirit among the employees.
- Better utilization of Resources: The resources of any organization are limited. An organization has more resources on certain items and limited resources on certain items. Here, the manager should measure the available resources and utilize the resources at the maximum. No resources will be wasted at any cost.
- Selecting the Procedure: Top management executives frame the policy and goals of an organization. But, the way of achieving the objectives cannot be decided by the top management people, There are many ways available to achieve the objectives. Even though, the manager is responsible for selecting a procedure that is more suitable and adaptable.
- Maintaining good human relations: Employees are working in different temperaments. They approach the manager for different reasons. The manager is answerable on his behalf and behalf of top management people. He is responsible for maintaining good human relations with the employees and maintaining good human relations among the employees.
- Solve the problem: Sometimes problems may be raised among the employees. M/hen, the manager takes the initiative steps for solving such problems. Employees feel happy if the manager understands the problem and solves the problem immediately.
- Arranging training and development facilities: Training and Development facilities should be arranged by the manager for the benefit of the organization and employees. Training and Development programs not only benefit the employee but also benefit the organization. Hence, the manager has the responsibility of arranging training and development facilities.
MANAGER IN TODAY BUSINESS WORLD