SECTION 21: FENCING OF MACHINERY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n There is compulsion on the part of occupier of the factory<\/a> to ensure the proper fencing of machinery with the best method. No occupier can avoid this liability on account of any financial or mechanical reasons. The following machinery must be securely fenced by safeguards of substantial construction:<\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government may also prescribe by rules such further\nprecautions in respect of any particular machinery or its part for securing the\nsafety of the workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 22: WORK ON OR NEAR MACHINERY IN MOTION<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n This provision requires that the machinery shall be\nlubricated or examined while in motion only by the trained worker. The workers\nshould be adult and his name should be mentioned in the registers of the\nfactory to do the same work. He can do\nso only after wearing proper tight clothes supplied to him by the occupier of\nthe factory.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Such worker shall not handle the belt at a moving pulley\nunless:<\/p>\n\n\n\n No women or young worker is allowed to clean, lubricate or\nadjust any part of the machinery while it is motion if it is likely to expose\nher or him to risk or injury from any moving part.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 23: EMPLOYMENT OF YOUNG PERSON ON DANGEROUS MACHINES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Section 2 applied only to the young persons. This section\nprovides that no young person shall work on the dangerous machines unless:<\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government is empowered to prescribe the machines\nthat are dangerous for the young workers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 24: STRIKING GEAR AND DEVICES FOR CUTTING OFF POWER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n In every factory, suitable devices for cutting off power in\nemergencies from running machinery shall be provided and maintained in every\nwork room.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Also the suitable striking gear or other efficient\nmechanical appliances shall be provided and maintained to work on transmission\nmachinery. <\/p>\n\n\n\n When a device, which can inadvertently shift from \u2018off\u2019 to\n\u2018on\u2019 position is provided, sufficient provision should be made to lock that\ndevice in the safe position and out of the reach of non-authorized workers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 25: SELF ACTING MACHINES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The use and installation of self acting machines within the\ndistance of 45 centimeters from fixed structure is not allowed. The chief\ninspector may allow the use of such machines if installed before the\ncommencement of the act along with some conditions to ensure safety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 26: CASING OF NEW MACHINES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n After the commencement of the Factories Act, 1948, it\nbecomes compulsory to encase the new machinery. Any occupier who does not\ncomply with the provision is punishable with the imprisonment for 3 months or\nwith a fine which may extend to Rs. 500 or both.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 27: PROHIBITION OF EMPLOYMENT OF WOMEN AND CHILDREN NEAR COTTON OPENER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n No women or child can be employed to work for pressing the\ncotton or near the cotton opener. If the feed end and delivery end room are\nseparated, then inspector may allow in writing the employment of women and\nchildren.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 28: HOISTS AND LIFTS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The hoists and lifts to be installed in the factory should\nbe properly constructed and should be of good mechanical construction, sound\nmaterial and adequate strength and properly maintained. It must be sufficiently\nprotected by enclosures and must be fitted with gates. It must be examined every\nsix months by a competent person. A register containing the prescribed\nparticulars of every such examination shall also be kept.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The following additional requirements shall apply to hoists\nand lifts installed or reconstructed in a factory after the commencement of\nthis act:<\/p>\n\n\n\n No lifting machine will be considered as hoist or lift\nunless it has a proper cage. The state government may grant exemption in\nrespect of any class of lifts from the provisions mentioned above if it thinks\nfit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 29: LIFTING MACHINES, ROPES, CHAINS AND LIFTING TACKLES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The provisions applied to lifting machines, ropes, chains\nand lifting tackles are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government makes rules prescribing additional\nrequirements or providing from exemption from compliance with the above\nprovisions where such compliance is unnecessary or impracticable.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 30: REVOLVING MACHINERY <\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n In every factory, where the revolving machinery is installed,\nthe notice should be placed near to it indicating the maximum safe working\nspeed. Effective measure shall be taken in every factory to ensure that the\nsafe working peripheral speed of every revolving vessel, cage, basket, flywheel\npulley, disc or similar appliance driven by power shall not exceed the\nprescribed limits.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 31: PRESSURE PLANT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n If in any factory any part of the plant or machinery used in\na manufacturing process is operated at a pressure, effective measures shall be\ntaken to ensure that the safe working pressure of such part is not exceeded.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government may make rules providing for the\nexamination and testing of any pressure plant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 32: FLOORS, STAIRS AND MEANS OF ACCESS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n In every factory,\nsafe means of access should be provided and maintained at every place where the\nworkers work. The floors, staircases and gangways shall be of sound\nconstruction and properly maintained. The floor must be free from the\nsubstances that may cause the person to slip.<\/p>\n\n\n\n When any person has to work at a place which is at height\nexceeding two meters, he must be provided with secure foothold and handled to\nensure the safety. <\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 33: PITS, SUMPS, OPENINGS IN FLOOR ETC.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The pits, sumps, openings in floor must be properly covered\nor fenced so that it cannot be a source of damage to any worker. Securely\nfencing means covering or fencing in such a way that it ceases to be a source\nof danger to those who have occasion to go near there.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 34: EXCESSIVE WEIGHTS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government is empowered to make the maximum limit\nof weights to be lifted by the adolescent workers, adult male and female\nworkers and children to be employed in the factory. No person is allowed to\nlift the weight which can be injurious to his or her health.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 35: PROTECTION OF EYES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n There are many factories which are involving in that kind of\nmanufacturing process which can cause:<\/p>\n\n\n\n In such cases, there is compulsion of using the goggles or screen\nwhile on work. The goggles are to be provided by the occupier. Also the worker\nshould be informed about the harm which can be caused due to any negligence\nwhile performing the job. Also the state government is empowered to make rules\nin such case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 6: PROTECTION AGAINST DANGEROUS FENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n To protect against the workers from the dangerous fences, no\none is allowed to enter any pit, tank, chamber, flue or any other confined\nspace in the factory. A worker is allowed only if:<\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government has the power to make rules prescribing\nthe minimum dimension of manhole and may also grant exemptions in particular\ncases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 36 A: PRECAUTIONS REGARDING THE USE OF PORTABLE ELECTRIC LIGHTS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n There are some provisions laid down in relation to the use of\nportable electric lights as this can also harm the workers when it comes into\nthe contact with any dangerous gas. The provisions are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 37: EXPLOSIVE OR INFLAMMABLE GAS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The factories may carry on the production process in which\nthere is involvement of inflammable gas which may lead to explosion. In such\ncases, all practicable measures shall be taken to prevent such explosion by:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Where any part of a plant or machinery contains explosive or\ninflammable gas or vapor at a pressure greater than atmospheric pressure, the\npart shall not be allowed to open unless<\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government may make rules to allow exemption if it\nthinks fit in this regard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 38: PREVENTION IN CASE OF FIRE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n In every factory, all practicable measures should be taken\nto prevent the outbreak of fire internally as well as externally. The provisions\nare to maintain<\/p>\n\n\n\n Also all the workers of the factory must be well known to\nthe fire extinguishers installed in the factory and know the way to use it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government is empowered to make rules in this\nregard.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The chief inspector is empowered to make additional rules\napplicable to any class of factory and may order in writing to follow the\nrules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 39: POWER TO REQUIRE SPECIFICATION OF DEFECTIVE PARTS OR TESTS OR STABILITY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n In case the inspector, who examines the factory, finds that\nany part of factory building or machinery is dangerous to human life, the\ninspector may order the occupier of the factory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n To finish, drawings, specifications and other particulars as\nbe may be necessary to determine whether such building, ways, machinery or\nplant can be used with safety.<\/p>\n\n\n\n To carry out the test in specified manner and inform the\ninspector of the result thereof.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 40: SAFETY OF BUILDINGS AND MACHINERY<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The occupier has to ensure the safety of buildings and\nmachinery in the workers are employed. In case there is any default, the inspector\nis empowered to serve the written notice to the occupier to get the building or\nmachinery repaired. Also the inspector can prohibit its use unless it can get\nfully repaired.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 40 A: MAINTENANCE OF BUILDINGS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The inspector appointed under this act has to ensure that\nevery factory has a repaired building which is not detrimental to health or\nsafety to the workers. He may serve a written notice to the occupier of the\nfactory to get the building of factory repaired before a specified date, if he\nfinds any discrepancy.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 40 B: SAFETY OFFICERS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Section 40 B requires the appointment of safety officers in\nevery factory:<\/p>\n\n\n\n The duties, qualifications and conditions of service of the\nsafety officers shall be such as may be prescribed by the state government.<\/p>\n\n\n\n SECTION 41: POWER TO MAKE RULES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n The state government may make rules requiring the use of such further devices and measures for safety as may be necessary.<\/p>\n\n\n\nFactories act 1948<\/a><\/td> Safety provisions under factories act 1948<\/a><\/td> Workmen compensation act 1923<\/a><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n
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