{"id":2920,"date":"2019-12-12T11:04:19","date_gmt":"2019-12-12T11:04:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/?p=2920"},"modified":"2019-12-12T11:04:19","modified_gmt":"2019-12-12T11:04:19","slug":"principles-of-scientific-management","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/principles-of-scientific-management\/","title":{"rendered":"PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div id=\"ez-toc-container\" class=\"ez-toc-v2_0_65 counter-hierarchy ez-toc-counter ez-toc-grey ez-toc-container-direction\">\n<div class=\"ez-toc-title-container\">\n<p class=\"ez-toc-title \" >Table of Contents<\/p>\n<span class=\"ez-toc-title-toggle\"><a href=\"#\" class=\"ez-toc-pull-right ez-toc-btn ez-toc-btn-xs ez-toc-btn-default ez-toc-toggle\" aria-label=\"Toggle Table of Content\"><span class=\"ez-toc-js-icon-con\"><span class=\"\"><span class=\"eztoc-hide\" style=\"display:none;\">Toggle<\/span><span class=\"ez-toc-icon-toggle-span\"><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" class=\"list-377408\" width=\"20px\" height=\"20px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" fill=\"none\"><path d=\"M6 6H4v2h2V6zm14 0H8v2h12V6zM4 11h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2zM4 16h2v2H4v-2zm16 0H8v2h12v-2z\" fill=\"currentColor\"><\/path><\/svg><svg style=\"fill: #999;color:#999\" class=\"arrow-unsorted-368013\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"10px\" height=\"10px\" viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\" version=\"1.2\" baseProfile=\"tiny\"><path d=\"M18.2 9.3l-6.2-6.3-6.2 6.3c-.2.2-.3.4-.3.7s.1.5.3.7c.2.2.4.3.7.3h11c.3 0 .5-.1.7-.3.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7zM5.8 14.7l6.2 6.3 6.2-6.3c.2-.2.3-.5.3-.7s-.1-.5-.3-.7c-.2-.2-.4-.3-.7-.3h-11c-.3 0-.5.1-.7.3-.2.2-.3.5-.3.7s.1.5.3.7z\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/div>\n<nav><ul class='ez-toc-list ez-toc-list-level-1 ' ><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-1'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-1\" href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/principles-of-scientific-management\/#PRINCIPLES_OF_SCIENTIFIC_MANAGEMENT\" title=\"PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT\">PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT<\/a><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><ul class='ez-toc-list-level-3' ><li class='ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-2\" href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/principles-of-scientific-management\/#FREDRICK_WINSLOW_TAYLOR\" title=\"FREDRICK WINSLOW TAYLOR\">FREDRICK WINSLOW TAYLOR<\/a><\/li><li class='ez-toc-page-1 ez-toc-heading-level-3'><a class=\"ez-toc-link ez-toc-heading-3\" href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/principles-of-scientific-management\/#PRINCIPLES_OF_SCIENTIFIC_MANAGEMENT-2\" title=\"PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT\">PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n<h1 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"principles-of-scientific-management\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PRINCIPLES_OF_SCIENTIFIC_MANAGEMENT\"><\/span>PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Scientific Management is defined as Application of science for each and every element of <a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/management\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"management (opens in a new tab)\">management<\/a>. It means application of the scientific methods, tools and techniques by the managers to manage each operation effectively and efficiently. The Principles of Scientific Management insists on replacing the Rule of Thumb by the science which means decisions in the organization should not be taken on the basis of wills and wishes of the management instead should be taken on the basis of scientific studies conducted.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>ACCORDING TO FREDRICK WINSLOW TAYLOR<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cScientific management means knowing exactly what you want\nmen to do and seeing that they do it in the best and cheapest way.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background\"><strong>ACCORDING TO ASSOCIATION OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS, USA<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is the art and science of preparing, organizing and\ndirecting human effort applied to control the forces and utilize the materials\nof nature for the benefits of man.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-pale-cyan-blue-background-color has-background has-normal-font-size\"><strong>ACCORDING TO PETER F DRUCKER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u201cIt is the operational study of work, the analysis of work\ninto its simplest element and the systematic improvement of the workers\u2019\nperformance of each element.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"fredrick-winslow-taylor\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"FREDRICK_WINSLOW_TAYLOR\"><\/span>FREDRICK WINSLOW TAYLOR<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"200\" height=\"251\" src=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/fw-taylor.jpg\" alt=\"FREDRICK WINSLOW TAYLOR\" class=\"wp-image-2922\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p>FW Taylor was born in 1856 in Philadelphia, USA. He served in three companies: Midvale Steel, Simonds Rolling Machine and Bethlehem Steel. He is known as Father of Scientific Management because of his following contributions:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>He emphasized on adoption of scientific methods\nto the problems of management.<\/li><li>He wrote various books and articles such as \u2018Shop\nManagement (1930)\u2019, \u2018Principles of Scientific Management (1911)\u2019, \u2018Concrete\nCosts (1912)\u2019, \u2018Scientific Management (1913)\u2019, \u2018A Piece rate System (1895)\u2019, \u2018The\nGospel of Efficiency(1911)\u2019.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"has-text-align-center wp-block-heading\" id=\"principles-of-scientific-management\"><span class=\"ez-toc-section\" id=\"PRINCIPLES_OF_SCIENTIFIC_MANAGEMENT-2\"><\/span>PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT<span class=\"ez-toc-section-end\"><\/span><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p>FW Taylor has formulated the following Principles of Scientific Management:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"400\" height=\"478\" src=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/principles-of-scientific-management.jpg\" alt=\"PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT\" class=\"wp-image-2924\" srcset=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/principles-of-scientific-management.jpg 400w, https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/12\/principles-of-scientific-management-251x300.jpg 251w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>SCIENCE, NOT RULE OF THUMB <\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>According to this principle, each activity should be done by\nadopting one best method. The best method should be selected by applying proper\nscientific rules, methods, tools and techniques and should not be select on the\nbasis of Rule of Thumb. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Rule of Thumb means dictatorship of the manager. On the\ncontrary, scientific decisions are based on cause and effect basis and\nscientific measurement of methods and way of production.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong> In Rule of Thumb the standard time required to do a particular job is decided by the managers on the basis of his past experience. Taylor insists that the standard time for a job should be set up scientifically by performing time study in the organization and then the day\u2019s target should be fixed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>HARMONY, NOT DISCORD<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>As per this principle, there should be harmonized\nrelationships among the persons of the organization and positive attitude\ntowards each other.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Generally there are two groups in the organization: Workers\nGroup and Management Group. The Management Group has a general thinking that\nthe workers do not give their best. On the contrary, Worker Group feels that\nthey are being exploited by the Management Group for their gains.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp;To overcome this\ndiscord, FW Taylor emphasizes on Mental Revolution, i.e. change of attitudes of\nboth groups towards each other. Both groups should have positive attitude\ntowards each other. Management Group should share the profits with Workers\nGroup and in return workers group must give their best in operations. There\nshould be paternalistic style of management.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong> In Japanese companies, this principle is practiced as here managers treat workers as part of their family and workers do not show their agitation by going on strike rather they tie a black ribbon to show their dissatisfaction and gain sympathy of managers. Managers must work almost side by side with the workers, helping and encouraging them.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>COOPERATION, NOT INDIVIDUALISM<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>This principle is an extension of Harmony, not Discord. This\nprinciple states that each activity in the organization should be done in\ncooperation with each other. Management while setting the standards must\nwelcome the suggestions of the workers. This make the workers feel motivated and\nthey will work harder to achieve the targets.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Example:<\/strong> While assigning job to workers if management asks them about their interest and then work is assigned according to their interest, definitely the workers will perform it more efficiently.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>DEVELOPMENT OF WORKERS TO THEIR GREATER EFFICIENCY AND PROSPERITY<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>The industrial efficiency depends upon the efficiency of the workers. Worker\u2019s efficiency depends upon proper training and their selection. Taylor insisted that care should be taken while selecting the employees. Each person should be allotted the job as per his qualifications. The employees must be sent for training from time to time to update their knowledge. This will ensure greatest efficiency and prosperity for both company and workers. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table><tbody><tr><td><strong>ALSO STUDY:<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>ALSO STUDY:<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>ALSO STUDY:<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>ALSO STUDY:<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/management\/\">Management<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/objectives-of-management\/\">Objectives of management<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/functions-of-management\/\">Functions of management<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/process-of-management\/\">Process of management<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/management-is-an-art\/\">Management as an art<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/management-as-a-science\/\">Management as a science<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/management-as-profession\/\">Management as a profession<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/joint-stock-company\/\">Company<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/incentive-plans\/\">Incentive plans<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/14-principles-of-management-by-henri-fayol\/\">14 principles of management by Henry Fayol<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/principles-of-scientific-management\/\">Principles of scientific management<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/scientific-management\/\">Scientific management<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/what-is-work-study\/\">Work study<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/time-study\/\">Time study<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/motion-study\/\">Motion study<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/method-study\/\">Method study<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/planning\/\">Planning<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/importance-of-planning-in-management\/\">Importance of planning in management<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/benefits-of-planning-in-business\/\">Advantages of planning in business<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/process-of-planning\/\">Process of planning<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/types-of-planning-in-business\/\">Types of planning in business<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/setting-objectives-in-management\/\">Setting objectives in management<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/objectives\/\">Objectives<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/smart-test\/\">SMART test<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/management-by-objectives\/\">Management by objectives<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/policies-in-business\/\">Policies in Business<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/management-and-business-administration\/\">Management and business administration<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/functional-areas-of-management\/\">Functional areas of management<\/a><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/limited-liability-partnership\/\">Limited Liability partnership<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/difference-between-llp-and-company\/\">LLP Vs company<\/a><\/td><td><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/difference-between-llp-and-partnership\/\">LLP vs Partnership<\/a><\/td><td><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link\" href=\"https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/kajal-mahajan-7549b2197\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CONNECT ON LINKEDIN<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"512\" height=\"152\" src=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/cropped-cropped-Presentation-resize-1.jpg\" alt=\"PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT\" class=\"wp-image-4836\" srcset=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/cropped-cropped-Presentation-resize-1.jpg 512w, https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/04\/cropped-cropped-Presentation-resize-1-300x89.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 512px) 100vw, 512px\" \/><figcaption>PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT Scientific Management is defined as Application of science for each and every element of management. It means application of the scientific methods, tools and techniques by the managers to manage each operation effectively and efficiently. The Principles of Scientific Management insists on replacing the Rule of Thumb by the science which&#8230;<\/p>\n<p class=\"more-link-wrap\"><a href=\"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/principles-of-scientific-management\/\" class=\"more-link\">Read More<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &ldquo;PRINCIPLES OF SCIENTIFIC MANAGEMENT&rdquo;<\/span> &raquo;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":2921,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[68],"tags":[70],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2920"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2920"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2920\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2921"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2920"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2920"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2920"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}