{"id":1964,"date":"2019-07-30T01:55:23","date_gmt":"2019-07-30T01:55:23","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/?p=1964"},"modified":"2019-07-30T01:55:23","modified_gmt":"2019-07-30T01:55:23","slug":"golden-rules-of-accounting","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/commerceiets.com\/golden-rules-of-accounting\/","title":{"rendered":"GOLDEN RULES OF ACCOUNTING"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
The golden rules of Accounting are the foundation or base of the accounting which helps in posting the transactions correctly in the books of accounts. The golden rules of accounting<\/a> are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Under the traditional approach, the accounts are divided into three parts. The golden rules of accounting are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n These accounts are related to the individuals, firms, societies, clubs, hospitals etc. The personal accounts can be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n The rule for personal account is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n DEBIT THE RECEIVER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n CREDIT THE GIVER<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n According to the rule of \u2018Debit the Receiver\u2019, the personal\naccount of a person to whom we give some money or goods is debited. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Example:<\/strong> If we gave \u20b920,000 to Gopal, the entry will be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Gopal A\/c Dr. 20,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n To Cash\nA\/c 20,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Being cash paid to Gopal) <\/p>\n\n\n\n In the same way, according to the rule \u2018Credit the giver\u2019,\nthe personal account of the person from whom we receive some money or goods is\ncredited. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Example: <\/strong>If we received \u20b950,000 from Govind, the entry will be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cash A\/c Dr. 50,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n To\nGovind 50,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Cash received from Govind)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Real Accounts are the accounts related to the assets and liabilities of the business. There may be tangible Real Accounts or Intangible Real Accounts. The rule for Real Accounts is as follows: <\/p>\n\n\n\n DEBIT WHAT COMES IN<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n CREDIT WHAT GOES OUT<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n According to the rule of \u2018Debit what comes in and credit\nwhat goes out\u2019, the account of the cash or other property which is received by\nthe business firm is debited and in the same way, the account of the Cash or\nother property which goes out of the business is credited. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Example:<\/strong> Machinery purchased for \u20b950,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n Machinery A\/c Dr. 50,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n To Cash\nA\/c 50,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Machinery purchased for cash)<\/p>\n\n\n\n These accounts related to the expenses, incomes, profits and losses of the business. These accounts are Wages Account, Loss of goods by fire Account, Interest Received Account, Repairs Account, etc. the rule for Nominal Accounts is as follows: <\/p>\n\n\n\n DEBIT ALL EXPENSES AND LOSSES<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n CREDIT ALL INCOMES AND GAINS<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n According to the rule of \u2018Debit all Expenses\u2019, the accounts\nof all expenses and losses are debited.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Example:<\/strong> Salary paid \u20b920,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n Salary A\/c Dr. 20,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n To Cash\nA\/c 20,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Salary paid in cash)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Similarly, according to the rule of \u2018Credit all Incomes\u2019,\nthe accounts of all the incomes and profits are credited. <\/p>\n\n\n\n Example: <\/strong>\u20b95,000 is received for commission. The entry will be:<\/p>\n\n\n\n Cash A\/c Dr. 5,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n To\nCommission A\/c 5,000<\/p>\n\n\n\n (Commission received)<\/p>\n\n\n\n Under this system, the accounts are divided into 5\ncategories which are as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n An asset is any owned physical object or right, having a money value. These are the economic resources which are owned by a business and from which future economic benefits are expected to flow to the enterprise. The rule for asset account is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n DEBIT THE INCREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n CREDIT THE DECREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Example:<\/strong> Cash A\/c, Furniture A\/c, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n The amount invested by the owner in the business is known as Capital Account. It may be invested in cash or kind. The rule for this account is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n DEBIT THE DECREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n CREDIT THE INCREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n It refers to an amount owing by one person to another payable in money, goods or services. The rule for Liabilities Account is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n DEBIT THE DECREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n CREDIT THE INCREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Example:<\/strong> Bank overdraft A\/c, Loan A\/c, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Expense is that portion of the expenditure which has been consumed during the current accounting period to earn revenue. Since expenses are the cost of goods and services used up, they are also called expired cost. The rule for Expense Account is as follows:<\/p>\n\n\n\n DEBIT THE INCREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n CREDIT THE DECREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Example:<\/strong> Rent A\/c, Insurance A\/c, Advertisement A\/c, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n Income is the increase in the net worth of the enterprise from business or non- business activities. It is wider term which includes profits also. The rule for Income Account is:<\/p>\n\n\n\n DEBIT THE DECREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n CREDIT THE INCREASE<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n Example: <\/strong>Interest received Account, Commission Received Account, Dividend Received A\/c. <\/p>\n\n\n\nTRADITIONAL APPROACH<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
PERSONAL ACCOUNT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
\n
REAL ACCOUNT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
NOMINAL ACCOUNT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
MODERN APPROACH<\/h2>\n\n\n\n
ASSET ACCOUNT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
CAPITAL ACCOUNT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
LIABILITIES ACCOUNT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
EXPENSE ACCOUNT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n
INCOME ACCOUNT<\/h4>\n\n\n\n