CORRELATION BETWEEN COMMERCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Meaning of Public Administration
Public Administration refers to the activities carried out by the government to implement laws, policies, and services for the benefit of the public. It includes planning, organizing, directing, and controlling government operations.
ACCORDING TO WOODROW WILSON (1887)
“Public Administration is the detailed and systematic execution of public law. Every application of law is an act of administration.”
ACCORDING TO L.D. WHITE
“Public Administration is the direction, coordination, and control of government operations.”
ACCORDING TO DWIGHT WALDO
“Public Administration is a field of study and practice concerned with the formal processes of government and the behavior of officials involved in implementing public policies.”
Meaning of Commerce
Commerce refers to all the activities that help in the exchange of goods and services between producers and consumers. It includes trade, transportation, banking, insurance, warehousing, and advertising.
ACCORDING TO JAMES STEPHENSON
“Commerce is the sum total of all those processes which are engaged in the removal of hindrances of person (trade), place (transport), time (storage), exchange (banking), and knowledge (advertising) in the exchange of commodities.”
ACCORDING TO J.K. HANSON
“Commerce is that part of business activity which is concerned with the exchange of goods and services and includes all those activities which facilitate the exchange.”
ACCORDING TO PROF. CUNDIFF AND STILL
“Commerce involves all the activities that create time, place, and possession utilities and that are required to move goods from points of production to points of consumption.”
CORRELATION BETWEEN COMMERCE AND PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION
Commerce and Public Administration are closely linked as both deal with the management of resources, services, and people. Commerce focuses on business activities such as trade, finance, and marketing, while Public Administration manages government policies and public services. Both fields require planning, organizing, budgeting, and decision-making. Commerce helps understand economic trends and financial systems, which are useful in public sector budgeting and policy-making.
Likewise, Public Administration provides a governance structure that supports commercial activities, such as infrastructure, regulation, and law enforcement. Professionals in both fields often work together in areas like public finance, taxation, economic planning, and development programs. Therefore, commerce knowledge enhances public administration decisions, and public administration frameworks support smooth business operations.
Both Proceed Simple to complex
Commerce and Public Administration both begin with basic concepts and gradually move to more advanced levels. In commerce, activities start with simple trade and develop into complex financial systems, global markets, and e-commerce. Similarly, Public Administration begins with basic law implementation and grows into complex policy-making, governance structures, and public service management. As society grows, both fields expand in scope and complexity.
Human welfare- common purpose or function
The main aim of both Commerce and Public Administration is to serve society and improve human welfare. Commerce does this by creating jobs, supporting trade, and fulfilling people’s material needs. Public Administration focuses on delivering services like education, health, and safety. Both work to make people’s lives better in different but connected ways.
Public administration facilitates commercial activities
Public Administration plays an important role in supporting and enabling commerce. It creates laws, regulations, and infrastructure that help businesses run smoothly. For example, good roads, fair trade laws, tax systems, and licenses all come from government efforts. Without proper administration, business operations would be difficult and chaotic.
Social nature
Both fields have a strong social aspect. Commerce brings people together through buying and selling, and it connects societies through trade. Public Administration serves the community by ensuring justice, equality, and access to services. Both aim to meet the needs of society and are shaped by social values and demands.
Commerce and Public Administration both improves with Research
Continuous research is essential in both Commerce and Public Administration to bring innovation and solve modern problems. In commerce, research helps improve marketing, production, and financial strategies. In public administration, it helps create better policies, improve service delivery, and make governance more efficient. Research helps both fields stay relevant and effective.
Commerce and Public Administration both act for human needs
Human needs are central to both areas. Commerce meets economic and material needs by providing goods and services. Public Administration meets social and civic needs by ensuring access to public services. Whether it’s food, shelter, health, or safety—both work towards fulfilling different types of human needs.
Commonness in structure
The structure of both fields is often hierarchical and organized. In commerce, businesses have managers, departments, and systems. Public Administration also has departments, officers, and institutions. Both require coordination, communication, and leadership to function effectively. Their structures support their goals and allow for clear decision-making.
Public policies influence commerce
Government policies made through public administration directly affect commerce. Policies on taxes, trade regulations, labor laws, and environmental rules can encourage or limit business activities. For example, a tax reduction policy can promote investment, while strict regulations may slow down certain industries.
Commerce and Public Administration both involve rational activities
Both fields rely on planning, reasoning, and decision-making. In commerce, business decisions are based on market research, customer demand, and profit analysis. Public Administration also uses rational thinking to plan budgets, design policies, and allocate resources. Emotional or random actions are avoided in favor of logical steps.
Public administration regulate commerce
Public Administration ensures that business activities follow the law and operate fairly. It sets rules for trade, labor conditions, safety, and environmental protection. This regulation helps protect consumers, workers, and the economy from unfair or harmful practices.
Commerce and Public Administration both are instrument of development
Both fields play a big role in the development of a country. Commerce helps grow the economy by generating income, employment, and investments. Public Administration helps through development programs, infrastructure building, and social welfare schemes. Together, they support national progress and sustainable development.
Scientific Nature
Commerce and Public Administration both use scientific methods like data analysis, statistics, and observation to improve their processes. In commerce, these methods help in understanding markets and consumer behavior. In Public Administration, they help in making policies and evaluating programs. Scientific methods bring accuracy and efficiency.
Artistic Nature
While both fields are based on facts and logic, they also require creativity and human skills. Commerce needs innovative ideas for marketing, product design, and business models. Public Administration needs leadership, communication, and problem-solving skills. The artistic nature of both makes them dynamic and people-oriented.
Common Topics
There are several topics common to both Commerce and Public Administration such as budgeting, organization, leadership, communication, human resource management, and decision-making. These shared areas make it easier for professionals to move between the fields and understand each other’s work.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, Commerce and Public Administration are two distinct but closely connected fields. They both aim to serve society, meet human needs, and support development. With common goals, structures, and tools, they work together to build a strong and well-functioning society. Understanding their relationship helps in improving both government services and business activities, leading to overall national growth.